Disbelief
and its various Manifestations Al-Kufr 

Kufr
is basically disbelief in any of the Articles of Faith in Islam. 

The
articles of Faith are: to believe in –

(1)
Allâh,

(2)
His angels,

(3)
His Messengers,

(4)
His revealed Books,

(5)
The Day of Resurrection, and

(6)
Al-Qadar, Divine Preordainments (i.e. whatever Alláh Jogja has ordained must
come to pass).

There
are two aspects of disbelief:

(1).
The major disbelief (Al-Kufr al-Akbar):

This
aspect excludes one completely from the fold of Islam. There are five types (of
this major disbelief):

(a)
Kufr at-Takdhîb. 

This
implies disbelieving the divine truth or denying any of the articles of Faith.

Almighty
Allâh says:

“Then
who does more wrong than one who utters a lie against Allâh and denies the
truth (this Qur’ân, the Prophet (Muhammad plug we in de ), the Islamic
Monotheism] when it comes to him. Is there not in Hell an abode for the
disbelievers?” (V. 39:32)

(b)
Kufr al-Ibâ’ wat-Takabbur ma’at-Tasdiq.

This
implies rejection and arrogance to submit to Allâh’s Commandments after
conviction of their truth.

Almighty
Allâh says:

“And
(remember) when We said to the angels: ‘Prostrate yourselves before Adam.’ And
they prostrated except Iblis, he refused and was proud and was one of the
disbelievers (disobedient to Allah).” (V.2:34).

(c)
Kufr ash-Shakk waz-Zann. 

This
implies doubting or lacking conviction in the six articles of Faith.

Almighty
Allâh says:

“And he went into his garden while in a state (of pride and
disbelief) unjust to himself. He said: ‘I think not that this will ever perish.
And I think not the Hour  will ever come, and if indeed I am brought back to my
Lord (on the Day of Resurrection) I surely shall find better than this when I
return to Him.’ His companion said to him during the talk with him: ‘Do you
disbelieve in Him Who created you out of dust (i.e. your father, Adam), then
out of Nutfah (mixed semen drops of male and female discharge), then fashioned
you into a man? But as for my part (I believe) that He is Allâh, my Lord, and
none shall I associate as partner with my Lord.'” (V.18:35-38)

(d)
Kufr al-I’râd. This implies turning away from the truth knowingly or deviating
from the obvious signs which Allâh has revealed.

Almighty
Allâh says:

“We
created not the heavens and the earth and all that is between them except with
truth and for an appointed term. But those who disbelieve turn away from that
whereof they are warned.” (V.46:3)

(e)
Kufr an-Nifaq. This implies hypocritical disbelief. Almighty Allâh says:

“They
have made their oaths a screen (for their hypocrisy). Thus they hinder (men)
from the Path of Allah. Verily, evil is what they used to do. That is because
they believed, then disbelieved, therefore their hearts are sealed, so they
understand not.” (V.63:2-3)

(2)
The minor disbelief (Al-Kufr al-Asghar): This aspect of disbelief does not
exclude one from the fold of Islam. It is also termed Kufrân-Ni’mah. This
implies disbelief manifesting itself in ungratefulness for Allâh’s Blessings or
Favours.

Almighty
Allâh says:

“And
Allah puts forward the example of a township (Makkah), that dwelt secure and
well-content; its provision coming to it in abundance from every place, but it
(its people) denied the Favours of Allâh (with ungratefulness). So Allah made
it taste extreme of hunger (famine) and fear, because of that (evil, i.e.
denying Prophet Muhammad plans we will be ) which they (its people) used to
do.” (V.16:112).